{"id":4747,"date":"2024-12-10T16:49:48","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T15:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/?page_id=4747"},"modified":"2026-01-28T10:39:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T09:39:08","slug":"monitoring","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/monitoring\/","title":{"rendered":"monitoring"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\t\tWITH COMPETENCE\t<\/h1>\n

\n\t\t\tMonitoring is knowledge- and action-oriented planning\t<\/h3>\n\t

It is defined as the continuous monitoring of processes and certain properties. The aim is to obtain information about current conditions and trends over longer periods of time.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Learning something<\/h4>\n

Monitoring reveals processes and conditions in our environment.<\/p>\n

detect changes<\/h4>\n Monitoring creates the basis for necessary short-term decisions. Results provide information on unknown and long-term phenomena.\n

Raising awareness<\/h4>\n

You can only assess what you know. Challenges can be identified using a solid database.<\/p>\n

decision-making aids<\/h4>\n

Monitoring is essential for setting goals and measures. Monitoring enables decisions to be made.<\/p>\n

testing effectiveness<\/h4>\n

Monitoring results are the most important tool for testing the effectiveness of management measures.<\/p>\n\t

Before a monitoring concept is developed, five questions must be answered:<\/p>\n

Warum – Was – Wann – Wie – Wer<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\t

monitoring methods and standards
\nSCALP: \u201eStatus and Conservation of the Alpine Lynx Population“<\/h3>\n

Monitoring is the continuous observation of processes and specific characteristics. This provides information about current conditions and trends over extended periods. Based on this data, informed decisions can be made and management measures implemented.<\/p>\n

To ensure the comparability of monitoring data, the SCALP criteria (Status and Conservation of the Alpine Lynx Population) were developed. Originally created for monitoring the lynx, these criteria are now applied to the monitoring of all large predators. Collected data are categorized into four groups according to their reliability and verifiability.<\/p>\n\t

Collected data are divided into four categories according to their significance and verifiability<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Category 1<\/h4>\n

\u201eHard Facts“ – Gesicherte Nachweise wie Totfunde von Tieren, fotografisch belegte Sichtungen, gefangene Tiere, genetische Nachweise (z.B. durch Haar- oder Kotproben).<\/p>\n

Category 2<\/h4>\n

Reports confirmed by trained specialists, e.g., attacks on livestock or wild animals, as well as confirmed traces.<\/p>\n

Category 3<\/h4>\n

Nicht \u00fcberpr\u00fcfte Riss-, Spuren und Kotfunde, – ebenso alle Hinweise, die sich grunds\u00e4tzlich nicht \u00fcberpr\u00fcfen lassen, etwa Laut\u00e4u\u00dferungen oder Sichtbeobachtungen ohne Beleg.<\/p>\n

Category 4<\/h4>\n

False reports or evidence that cannot be assigned to any evaluation because essential information is missing.<\/p>\n\t

types of monitoring<\/h3>\n\t

Active Monitoring<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Bei aktivem Monitoring werden Daten gezielt erhoben. Eine Methode des aktiven Monitorings ist die systematische Datenerhebung – das hei\u00dft: Anwesenheitszeichen werden nach einem festgelegten Plan, der das Gebiet und die Zeitpunkte der Erhebung festlegt, erhoben. Diese strukturierte Vorgehensweise erm\u00f6glicht es, Ver\u00e4nderungen \u00fcber die Zeit zu erkennen und die Ergebnisse mithilfe von statistischen Methoden auf gr\u00f6\u00dfere Gebiete hochzurechnen.<\/p>\n\t

Passive monitoring<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Im Gegensatz dazu erfolgt das passive Monitoring opportunistisch – also immer dann, wenn sich zuf\u00e4llig Hinweise ergeben. Dabei gibt es kein festes r\u00e4umliches oder zeitliches Schema. Das macht es schwieriger, die Informationen miteinander zu vergleichen oder daraus zuverl\u00e4ssige Schl\u00fcsse zu ziehen. Auf diese Weise festgestellte L\u00fccken in der Verbreitung bedeuten daher nicht automatisch, dass die Art dort wirklich fehlt – sie k\u00f6nnen auch nur auf fehlende Beobachtungen zur\u00fcckzuf\u00fchren sein.<\/p>\n\t

habitat models<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Habitat models are an important basis for planning monitoring. They can be used to define populations and to tailor active monitoring methods more specifically to the habitats of the respective species.<\/p>\n

Dabei ist jedoch stets zu ber\u00fccksichtigen, wie das verwendete Habitatmodell zu Stande gekommen ist und auf welchem Datenbestand es beruht (empirisch-statistische Modelle und nicht-quantitative Expertenmodelle; Bezugsgegend…)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sources: Heurich, M. (ed.), 2019: Wolf, lynx and bear in the cultural landscape. Conflicts, opportunities, solutions in dealing with large predators. Practical library for nature conservation and landscape planning, edited by Prof. Dr. E. Jedicke. Ulmer-Verlag. Stuttgart. 287pp.<\/p>\n\t

responsibility<\/strong><\/h5>\n

In Austria, the federal states are responsible for monitoring large predators. Their data is analyzed nationwide by the Austrian Centre for Conservation (\u00d6Z) with the support of the Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology. This analysis forms the basis for the... distribution maps<\/a> and the Wolf status report<\/a> in Austria.<\/p>\nA working group of the \u00d6Z has developed monitoring standards for the wolf.
\nMonitoring standards for the wolf<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MIT KOMPETENZ Monitoring ist wissens- und handlungsorientiertes Planen Es wird als kontinuierliche \u00dcberwachung von Vorg\u00e4ngen sowie bestimmter Eigenschaften definiert. Ziel ist es, Informationen \u00fcber aktuelle Zust\u00e4nde sowie Trends \u00fcber l\u00e4ngere Zeitr\u00e4ume zu erhalten. Etwas lernen Monitoring zeigt Vor-g\u00e4nge und Zust\u00e4nde unserer Umwelt auf. \u00c4nderungen erkennen Monitoring schafft die Basis f\u00fcr kurzfristig notwendige Entscheidungen. Ergebnisse liefern … Read more<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4747","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4747"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5748,"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4747\/revisions\/5748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baer-wolf-luchs.agency-11.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}